Fig. 2

Transcriptomic insights into neutrophil immune responses in COPD–MS. A Volcano plots summarize findings from transcriptomics analysis of COPD–MS and COPD. The red and blue dots represent significantly up-regulated and down-regulated DEGs. B GO terms of the up-regulated differentially expressed genes. C KEGG enrichment in the up-regulated differentially expressed genes. D, E MPO (green), citH3 (red), and DAPI (blue) in peripheral blood neutrophils from COPD–MS patients (n = 9) and COPD patients (n = 10) were analyzed using confocal microscopy. F, G Peripheral blood neutrophils were stained with CD66b (red) and DAPI (blue) and analyzed using confocal microscopy. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001